Postoperative Pain Management in Cardiac Surgery
Fig. 11.1 A schematic representation of thoracic paravertebral block, demonstrating the spine body and other parts of the spine, spinal cord, and its nerve roots and the location where paravertebral…
Postoperative CNS Care
Patient-related factors 1. Risk factors related to patient pathophysiologic status CPB-related inflammatory response Intraoperative hypoperfusion Intraoperative cerebral oxygenation status Intraoperative anesthetics used during operation 2. Risk factors related to underlying…
Noncardiac Complications After Cardiac Surgery
Patient-related factors Surgical factors Other factors Advanced age >70 Internal mammary artery dissection Aspiration pneumonia Endocarditis Increased number of bypass grafts CPB >120 min Gastrointestinal bleeding Multiple valve procedures Deep…
Cardiovascular Complications and Management After Cardiac Surgery
Ali Dabbagh, Fardad Esmailian and Sary F. Aranki (eds.)Postoperative Critical Care for Cardiac Surgical Patients201410.1007/978-3-642-40418-4_7 © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014 7. Cardiovascular Complications and Management After Cardiac Surgery Mahnoosh Foroughi1 and Antonio Hernandez Conte2 (1) Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid…
Principles of Pharmacoeconomics
Unbalanced and no plasma-adapted solutions Balanced and plasma-adapted solutions Cost of hospital stay/die 1,000 € 1,000 € Cost of FT/die 21 € 30 € CostHS for 3 days (1,000 × 3) = 3,000…
Cardiovascular Pharmacology
Likely pathogens Recommended regimen Alternative regimen Cardiothoracic surgery Staph epidermidis, Staph aureus, Streptococcus, Corynebacteria, enteric-Gram-negative bacilli Cefazolin 1 g (2 g for patients >60 kg) IV within 60 min…
Duplex Scanning of the Extracranial Carotid Arteries
Fig. 7.1 Color duplex ultrasound image of an internal carotid artery showing calcified plaque where a very dense acoustic signal is registered (arrow) with acoustic shadowing (underneath the arrow) The…
Overview of Cerebrovascular Disease
Fig. 6.1 An illustration showing the aortic arch and its branches: (1) brachiocephalic trunk, (2) right subclavian artery, (3) right vertebral artery, (4) right common carotid artery, (5) right external…
Ultrasound of the Hepatoportal Circulation
is normally 0.55–0.70 (Fig. 46.1) [7]. Fig. 46.1 Hepatic artery waveform. (a) Color Doppler image of porta hepatis demonstrating high flow in the hepatic artery (arrow, HA) adjacent to the…
Duplex Evaluation of the Renal Arteries
Classification RAR PSV PST Normal <3.5 <120 cm/s Absent <60% stenosis ≤3.5 >180 cm/s Absent >60% stenosis >3.5 >180 cm/s Present Occlusion N/A N/A N/A Low velocity, low amplitude parenchymal…
