Fig. 3.1 The normal mechanics of respiration. As the (intact) chest wall expands outward under the influence of the respiratory muscles (including the intercostal muscles), the diaphragm contracts and lowers,…
Fig. 16.1 Table showing levels of evidence (I–V) for a primary research question The failure to incorporate evidence, via EBM or otherwise, has led to the adoption of new technologies…
Fig. 13.1 Chest tube collecting system—contemporary chest tube collecting systems reproduce the traditional “three-bottle system”. The first compartment collects fluid drained from the pleural space. Air then passes to the…
Fig. 7.1 (a) A patient with a severe chest wall injury with a number of indications for surgery including severe deformity with a flail segment, inability to wean from a…
Author Year of publication Location Implant Study design N: op; nonop patients Timing of operation Outcome Findings (op vs. nonop) Ahmed and Mohyuddin 1995 United Arab Emirates K-wire Retrospective cohort…
Coronary Artery Perforation Eugenia Nikolsky Zoran Lasic Roxana Mehran The remarkable development of novel enhanced technologies for percutaneous coronary revascularization over the last two decades has led to a considerable…
Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin Therapy during Acute Coronary Syndromes and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention John J. Young Dean J. Kereiakes The past decade has seen major advances in adjunctive pharmacotherapy for acute coronary…
Unfractionated Heparin Heidar Arjomand Marc Cohen Plaque rupture and arterial injury at the site of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) expose the thrombogenic subintimal layers to platelets, activates the coagulation system,…
Assessing Platelet Function in the Cath Lab Jay S. Varanasi Steven R. Steinhubl Antiplatelet agents are a critical component of the adjunctive therapies utilized in patients undergoing a percutaneous coronary…
Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors in Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Deepak P. Vivekananthan Deepak L. Bhatt Eric J. Topol Platelet activation and aggregation play an important role in promoting ischemic complications during and…
