Thoracic Key

Obesity and Dyspnea on Exertion A 65-year-old obese woman gets admitted to the hospital with complaints of shortness of breath and dyspnea on exertion. Figure 51-1. Transthoracic four-chamber view. Figure…

Upper Respiratory Complaints A 65-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician with upper respiratory complaints. She later develops progressively worsening dyspnea on exertion and cough. She is treated with…

Cirrhosis of the Liver and Myocardial Infarction A 65-year-old man from Uruguay has a history of cirrhosis of the liver and a prior myocardial infarction. The echocardiogram (Videos 50-1 to…

Bioprosthetic Mitral Valve Replacement A 65-year-old man had a bioprosthetic mitral valve (MV) replacement 6 years ago. He now presents with worsening congestive heart failure (CHF). A transesophageal echocardiogram is…

Degenerative Mitral Regurgitation A 63-year-old woman with dyspnea on exertion is diagnosed with degenerative mitral regurgitation due to a myxomatous mitral valve. She is referred for mitral valve surgery, and…

Mitral Valve Replacement and Hypotension The patient is a 62-year-old man who underwent mitral valve replacement. Six hours after returning to the intensive care unit, he develops hypotension with a…

Pulmonary Edema and End-Stage Renal Disease A 61-year-old woman with New York Heart Association classification class III heart failure has a history of pulmonary edema and end-stage renal disease. She…

Worsening Abdominal Bloating A 61-year-old retired physician presents with a 6-month history of worsening midepigastric bloating sensation associated with fatigue, diarrhea, and lower extremity edema. He has occasional episodes of…

Rapid Atrial Fibrillation A 61-year-old man presents to the emergency room with atrial fibrillation and a rapid ventricular response. After anticoagulation and rate control, a transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) is performed…