Assessment of the Aortic Valve Christopher A. Troianos Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is used intraoperatively to evaluate aortic valve anatomy, function, and hemodynamics. The application of Doppler echocardiography (pulsed wave, continuous…
Assessment of the Tricuspid and Pulmonic Valves Rebecca A. Schroeder Jonathan B. Mark Katherine A. Grichnik Evaluation of the right-sided cardiac valves with transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is easily accomplished with…
Assessment of the Mitral Valve Colleen Gorman Koch The mitral valve is aptly named because of its resemblance to a “mitre,” a type of folding cap consisting of two similar…
Assessment of the Thoracic Aorta Steven Konstadt This chapter will cover three main topics. First, it will describe the echocardiographic approach to the examination of the aorta. The anatomic proximity…
Assessment of Global Ventricular Function Nhung T. Lam Solomon Aronson Left ventricular systolic function is a powerful predictor of clinical outcome for a wide range of cardiovascular diseases including ischemic…
Diastolic Dysfunction in the Perioperative Setting Gardar Sigurdsson Aleksandr Rovner James D. Thomas Congestive heart failure is one of the most common diagnoses made in patients admitted to the hospital…
Assessment of Regional Ventricular Function Lori B. Heller Solomon Aronson Assessment of global and regional ventricular function has become the cornerstone for evaluating patients with ischemic heart disease. The dynamic…
Assessment of Right Ventricular Function Gautam Sreeram Rebecca A. Schroeder Jonathan B. Mark In the past, greater emphasis was placed on descriptive indices of left ventricular function than right ventricular…
Outcomes in Echocardiography: Statistical Considerations Colleen Gorman Koch To guess is cheap. To guess wrong is expensive. Old Chinese Proverb OUTCOMES RESEARCH Outcomes research has achieved considerable stature over the…
Optimizing Two-Dimensional Echocardiographic Imaging Stanton K. Shernan The operator of an echocardiographic console is not only responsible for accurately interpreting the information displayed on the ultrasound monitor, but like an…
