Mitral Valve Disease

Oct 20, 2016 by in CARDIOLOGY Comments Off on Mitral Valve Disease

Mitral Valve Disease Brian R. Lindman Suzanne V. Arnold High-Yield Concepts Discrepancy between the mitral valve area (MVA) and mean gradient in MS may be related to cardiac output or…

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Aortic Valve Disease

Oct 20, 2016 by in CARDIOLOGY Comments Off on Aortic Valve Disease

Aortic Valve Disease Brian R. Lindman Suzanne V. Arnold High-Yield Concepts LVOT dimension is a significant source of error when measuring AVA Make sure the numbers are internally consistent (AVA,…

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Cardiomyopathies

Oct 20, 2016 by in CARDIOLOGY Comments Off on Cardiomyopathies

Cardiomyopathies Christopher L. Holley High-Yield Findings HCM is characterized by LV hypertrophy in the absence of pressure overload; 35% of cases do not have any outflow obstruction Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy…

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Stress Testing for Ischemia and Viability

Oct 20, 2016 by in CARDIOLOGY Comments Off on Stress Testing for Ischemia and Viability

Stress Testing for Ischemia and Viability Daniel H. Cooper Thomas K. Kurian Key Points Echocardiographic stress testing is a sensitive and specific modality for detecting the presence of stress-induced ischemia…

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Right Ventricular Function and Pulmonary Hemodynamics

Oct 20, 2016 by in CARDIOLOGY Comments Off on Right Ventricular Function and Pulmonary Hemodynamics

Right Ventricular Function and Pulmonary Hemodynamics Suzanne V. Arnold High-Yield Findings Right ventricular size should be ≪ left ventricular (LV) size RV dysfunction—decreased tricuspid valve (TV) annular motion, RV outflow…

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The Comprehensive Transthoracic Echocardiographic Examination

Oct 20, 2016 by in CARDIOLOGY Comments Off on The Comprehensive Transthoracic Echocardiographic Examination

The Comprehensive Transthoracic Echocardiographic Examination Pei-Hsiu Huang Getting Started A quality echocardiogram study starts with the setup (Fig. 2-1). Patient Positioning The low-powered ultrasound beam cannot image the entire heart…

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The Role of Contrast in Echocardiography

Oct 20, 2016 by in CARDIOLOGY Comments Off on The Role of Contrast in Echocardiography

The Role of Contrast in Echocardiography Stephanie N. Johnson Majesh Makan Key Points for Contrast Optimization Mechanical index (MI) <0.5 Optimize time gain compensation and overall gain settings Minimize near-field…

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Introduction to Echocardiographic Principles

Oct 20, 2016 by in CARDIOLOGY Comments Off on Introduction to Echocardiographic Principles

Introduction to Echocardiographic Principles Jose A. Madrazo Suzanne V. Arnold High-Yield Concepts Pulsed-wave Doppler is RANGE specific but limited in the peak velocity it can measure. Continuous-wave Doppler is able…

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