INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Diseases of the pulmonary venous system have generally been poorly characterized and less frequently investigated compared with diseases of the bronchial tree and pulmonary arterial system….
RETINAL VENOUS OCCLUSIVE DISEASE Print Section Listen Retinal vein occlusion is the second most common retinal vascular disease after diabetic retinopathy.1 Obstruction of any of the venous vessels within the…
ANATOMY Print Section Listen The superior vena cava (SVC) is formed by the confluence of the right and left innominate veins and enters the right atrium at its upper pole….
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen One of the most important discoveries in clinical electrophysiology has been the recognition of the importance of the pulmonary veins (PVs) in the initiation and maintenance…
BASICS OF COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY Print Section Listen The basic single-detector computed tomography (CT) scanner operates with a single row of detectors mounted opposite an x-ray source on a rotating gantry…
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen The jugular vein is a well-recognized structure in both the lay and the medical community. Various phrases used by individuals relating to the jugular veins include…
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Diseases of the renal veins, as with other diseases of the venous system, tend to be forgotten in the study of both renal disease and peripheral…
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen In recent years, significant progress has been made in refining our understanding of the evolution and anatomy of the venous system. The exploration and identification of…
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Although much of the focus of venous disorders concentrates on the lower extremities, pathologic conditions such as deep venous thrombosis (DVT) also affect the upper extremities…
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Pulmonary embolism (PE) is defined as a thrombosis that arises in the venous system and subsequently embolizes to the pulmonary arterial circulation. Despite the advent of…
