Thoracic Key

Mycoplasma Pneumonia Armando E. Fraire MD Pneumonia due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae ranks among the most common variants of community-acquired pneumonia, affecting primarily children, adolescents, and young adults, notably more frequently…

Bacterial Pneumonia Armando E. Fraire MD Abida Haque MD Clifford G. Risk MD Several decades after the introduction of modern antimicrobials, bacterial pneumonia remains a major cause of morbidity and…

Viruses Abida Haque MD Philip T. Cagle MD Viral infections of lung are common, and often latent and self-limited except in immunocompromised patients, who can develop extensive pulmonary infections with…

Benign Neoplasms Keith M. Kerr FRCPath Benign neoplasms of the lung are numerous, heterogeneous, and rare. Most occur in the lung periphery, neither visible to the bronchoscopist nor likely to…

Hematolymphoid Malignancies Timothy C. Allen MD, JD Keith M. Kerr FRCPath Jaishree Jagirdar MD Bronchial-associated lymphoid tissue is an ordinary finding in bronchial biopsies, and benign lymphocytic infiltrates are very…

Metastatic Cancers Keith M. Kerr FRCPath The lungs are the most common site, after the liver, for metastatic cancer, and, as a clinical problem, pulmonary metastases are more frequently encountered…

Preinvasive Lesions Keith M. Kerr FRCPath Three recognized preinvasive lesions are precursors of invasive tumors in the bronchial tree and lung: squamous dysplasia and carcinoma in situ (SD/CIS) of the…

Non–Small Cell Carcinomas Kun Y. Kwon MD Keith M. Kerr FRCPath Jae Y. Ro MD Histologically, and largely through an imperative of patient management, lung carcinomas are divided into two…

Neuroendocrine Tumors Keith M. Kerr FRCPath Kun Y. Kwon MD Jae Y. Ro MD The two separate categories of neuroendocrine tumors in the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of lung…

Artifacts and Nonspecific Changes Timothy C. Allen MD, JD Philip T. Cagle MD The pathologist should be aware of the artifacts and nonspecific changes that may be seen in a…