Thoracentesis
Volume of pleural fluid Physical examination findings <250–300 cm3 Probable normal examination 500 cm3 1. Dullness to percussion 2. Decreased fremitus 3. Normal vesicular breath sounds but decreased intensity 1,000…
Brachytherapy
Score Hemoptysis 0 None 1 Less than twice per week 2 Less than once daily but greater than twice per week 3 Daily, bright red blood or clot 4 Decrease…
Chest Tube Placement
•Pneumothorax °Tension pneumothorax (idiopathic, traumatic pneumothorax with valve mechanism, etc.) °Pneumothorax on mechanical ventilation °Persistent or recurrent iatrogenic pneumothorax after needle aspiration °Symptomatic pneumothorax °Large pneumothorax •Malignant pleural effusion •Empyema…
Microdement
Fig. 34.1 Serrated microdebrider blade Fig. 34.2 Handpiece with suction tubing attached Fig. 34.3 Console and foot pedal History of the Microdebrider Dr. Jack Urban is credited with the development…
Endoscopic Asthma Treatment
Fig. 51.1 Alair® Bronchial Thermoplasty Catheter (in expanded position) and Alair RF Controller that delivers radiofrequency energy It is important at the first bronchoscopy to survey and map the subject’s…
Metallic Stenting
Fig. 28.1 Some self-expanding metallic airway stents in current use. Top left: a covered Ultraflex stent, showing the technique of grabbing the suture wound circumferentially around the proximal end of…
Airway Imaging
Fig. 8.1 Nonenhanced thin-section CT scan of a 26-year-old female who underwent bilateral lung transplantation 6 months before due to cystic fibrosis. She went to hospital due to recurrent fever,…
Bronchoalveolar Lavage
Diagnosis BAL features Alveolar hemorrhage Macroscopically bloody Increased intensity from fraction to fraction Free red blood cells Hemosiderin-laden macrophages Fragmented red blood cells in the alveolar macrophages ≥20% siderophages Alveolar…
Montgomery T-Tubes
Fig. 31.1 T-tube (Printed with permission from Hood Laboratory) Fig. 31.2 Variation of T-tubes (Printed with permission from Hood Laboratory) The T-tube size ranges from the pediatric 6.0 mm diameter…
Physiology of Fixed Airway Obstruction
Fig. 7.1 Flow through tubes. (a), laminar flow. (b), transitional flow. (c), turbulent flow. (d), with turbulent flow, a higher pressure is required to maintain the flow rate, and the…
