Treatment of Airway-Esophageal Fistulas
Fig. 41.1 Small fistula in the lower trachea. Whitish purulent material from the cancer occluded esophagus is seen extruding into the airways Fig. 41.2 Large fistula with necrotic edges and…
VATS Surgical Techniques
Pleural disease Undiagnosed exudative pleural effusion Pleural space infection and empyema thoracis Suspected pleural malignancy/mesothelioma Pleural mass lesions Identification of source of hemothorax or chylothorax Pulmonary disease Diffuse interstitial lung…
General Principles of Endoscopic Imaging
Outer diameter <6 mm Imaging fibre bundle Single fibre diameter <15 μm Number of fibres >15,000 Focus 5–30 mm Angulation of distal end 60 ° at 30 mm from distal…
Endoscopic Management of Bronchopleural Fistulas
Fig. 42.1 Airway fistula developing as a result of treatment for lymphoma. (a) A 48-year-old man with B cell lymphoma who underwent chemotherapy and radiation. Lymphoma had eroded into the…
Pleural Imaging
Fig. 54.5 An AP supine CXR demonstrating a pseudopneumothorax, due to a skin flap (arrows). This was confirmed on a subsequent image There are two types of fissure: standard (oblique…
Surgical Lung Volume Reduction
Inclusion criteria COPD with emphysema with severe irreversible obstruction to airflow FEV1 < 35% pred Marked hyperinflation of the lung TLC > 110% pred Impaired exercise performance RV > 200%…
Medical Thoracoscopy/Pleuroscopy
Feature Medical thoracoscopy/pleuroscopy VATS Purpose Diagnosis Minimally invasive thoracic surgery Pleurodesis Location Endoscopy suite Operating room Operating room Anesthesia Local with moderate sedation Single-lung ventilation Technique Single puncture Multiple punctures…
Rigid Bronchoscopy
Large volume tissue biopsies Management of massive hemoptysis Foreign body extraction Direct management of endobronchial obstruction Mechanical coring of lesion using beveled tip Direct dilation of airway lumen Indirect management…
Percutaneous Tracheotomy
Fig. 66.1 King Aha Slab – 1st Dynasty (From Pahor AL. Ear nose and throat in Ancient Egypt. J Laryngol Otol. 1992;106:773–9. Courtesy of the Journal of Laryngology) Fig. 66.2…
Management of Posttransplant Disorders
Fig. 45.1 (a) Example of a healthy right anastomosis. (b) Image 1.1b shows a healthy left anastomosis Anatomy While normally there is a dual blood supply from the bronchial and…
