Pneumocystis Pneumonia
Pneumocystis Pneumonia Allen P. Burke, M.D. Background Pneumocystis organisms were first described in rats and guinea pigs in the early 20th century as protozoa related to trypanosomes (reviewed by Catherinot…
Fungal Infections
Fungal Infections Brandon T. Larsen, M.D., Ph.D. Allen P. Burke, M.D. Fabio R. Tavora, M.D., Ph.D. General Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that are found ubiquitously in the natural environment. Of…
Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Atypical Mycobacterial Infection
Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Atypical Mycobacterial Infection Fabio R. Tavora, M.D., Ph.D. Allen P. Burke, M.D. Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Microbiology Tuberculosis has been known as a human disease for several millennia. It…
Viral Pneumonias
Viral Pneumonias Allen P. Burke, M.D. Marie-Christine Aubry, M.D. Overview Viral Pneumonias in Immunocompetent Patients Viral infections account for 5% to 34% of community-acquired pneumonias.1 Because many cases of community-acquired…
Bacterial Pneumonias
Bacterial Pneumonias Allen P. Burke, M.D. Marie-Christine Aubry, M.D. Community-Acquired Pneumonia Clinical Findings Pneumonia is the most common cause of death from infectious diseases worldwide. Community-acquired pneumonia is believed to…
Constrictive Bronchiolitis
Constrictive Bronchiolitis Fabio R. Tavora, M.D., Ph.D. Allen P. Burke, M.D. Historical Background Constrictive (obliterative) bronchiolitis is a clinicopathologic entity of diverse causes denoting inflammation and fibrosis of bronchioles, usually…
Follicular Bronchiolitis and Lymphoid Interstitial Pneumonia
Follicular Bronchiolitis and Lymphoid Interstitial Pneumonia Allen P. Burke, M.D. Fabio R. Tavora, M.D., Ph.D. Seth Kligerman, M.D. Overview and Terminology Follicular bronchiolitis and lymphoid interstitial pneumonia (LIP) are part…
Small Airways Disease, General Aspects
Small Airways Disease, General Aspects Fabio R. Tavora, M.D., Ph.D. Allen P. Burke, M.D. Bronchiolitis, General Concepts Small airway disease refers to a number of lesions that mainly involve the…
Diseases of the Trachea and Bronchi
Diseases of the Trachea and Bronchi Joseph J. Maleszewski, M.D. Allen P. Burke, M.D. Introduction Diseases of the trachea can result in stenosis, malacia (softening of the trachea), and tracheomegaly…
Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis
Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis Joseph J. Maleszewski, M.D. Marie-Christine Aubry, M.D. Allen P. Burke, M.D. Definition Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a term used to describe exacerbation of underlying airway injury,…
