Thoracic Key

INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Vertebrobasilar arterial disease has a heterogeneous, clinical presentation that depends on the underlying pathophysiology of the lesion. Regardless of etiology, however, vertebrobasilar arterial strokes can be…

HISTORY TAKING Print Section Listen Importance of History Taking A thorough history is essential in all fields of medicine. It has often been said that a majority of all diagnosis…

INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Imaging modalities for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) cover the gamut from to noninvasive approaches to invasive digital subtraction angiography (DSA), which historically has been the reference…

INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Peripheral vascular disease can result in a number of serious infections complicating ischemia. However, infections as primary causes of peripheral vascular disease, although uncommon, are also…

INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen The blood vessel is a complex organ with many mechanical and regulatory functions. Abnormalities in the structural characteristics of the extracellular matrix as well as the…

INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) of the lower extremities affects nearly 8 to 12 million adults in the United States.1 The age-adjusted prevalence of PAD is approximately…

INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen This chapter mainly deals with the physiology of the arterial system and the hemodynamic analysis of pressure and flow in the arterial tree. Although most of…

INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen It has become increasingly apparent that the atherosclerotic disease process begins early in life. Dynamic changes in vascular biology are involved in the initiation and progression…

INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Atherothrombosis is a systemic arterial disease of large- and medium-sized arteries including the coronary, carotid, aorta, and peripheral arteries. The clinical manifestations depend on the size…