Fig. 8.1 New valves currently available for clinical use. Currently available and underdevelopment transcatheter valves (a) Medtronic Evolut (Medtronic Inc, Minneapolis, MN), USA). (b) Sapien 3 (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, CA,…
Fig. 7.1 Preoperative multimodality imaging evaluation of access site. Extensive circumferential calcification of the iliac-femoral arterial tree at multidetector computed tomography (panel A, B). No significant stenosis is documented at…
Risk factors Points C Congestive heart failure (or left ventricular ejection fraction <40 %) 1 H Hypertension: blood pressure above 140/90 mmHg or treatment 1 A2 Age ≥75 years…
Author Year No. of patients Findings Mugge [19] 1995 195 Patients with ASA and shunt showed a high frequency of previous clinical events (65 %) Bogousslavsky [20] 1996 140 The…
Fig. 9.1 Mitral apparatus. In bold the anatomical targets of the current commercially available percutaneous devices (Modified with permission from Asgar et al. [5]) Each of these components represents a…
Fig. 1.1 The collaborative approach of the Heart Team allows accurate evaluation of the risk/benefit ratio of either surgical AVR, TAVI, BAV, or medical therapy. AS aortic stenosis, AVR aortic…
Fig. 4.1 Aortic paravalvular leak, single device. A 74-year-old male with paravalvular leak in relation to mechanical aortic valve. The leak is an eccentric leak in the region of the…
