Athlete’s heart Hypertensive heart disease Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Cardiac amyloidosis Mitochondrial myopathy Mucopolysaccharidosis Anderson-Fabry disease Onset age Adolescence/adulthood Adulthood Adolescence/adulthood Adulthood Early childhood/adolescence Early childhood/adolescence Adulthood Clinical presentation No typical…
Risk factors OR PAR (%) Apo B/A1 3.2 49 Smoking 2.9 36 Psychological factors 2.7 33 Abdominal obesity 1.6 20 Hypertension 1.9 18 Diabetes mellitus 2.4 10 Fruits/vegetables 0.7 14…
Fig. 25.1 Development of human coronary atherosclerosis. The two nonprogressive lesions are intimal thickening or intimal xanthoma (foam cell collections known as fatty streaks, AHA type II). Pathological intimal thickening…
Fig. 43.1 Illustration of the different components of drug adherence. Adherence to drug therapies includes several aspects following the prescription. It starts with the initiation of therapy (4–5 % of…
SL GTN TD GTN ISDN IS-5-MN (phasic release) Half-life 6–9 min 6–9 min 1–2 (4–5) ha 4–5 h Elimination Hepatic Hepatic Hepatic Hepatic Heart rate ↑ ↔ ↑ ↔ Vascular…
Fig. 55.1 Different etiologies of mitral regurgitation. Schematic illustration of a normal mitral valve closure, degenerative MR with mitral valve prolapse, degenerative MR caused by flail leaflet, and functional MR…
Fig. 50.1 Original ECG registrations from a patient in SR. Arrows indicate P waves. During normal sinus rhythm, P waves are upright in lead II and V2 and followed 1:1…
Fig. 47.1 The difference between nodal (Ca++) and muscle (Na++) action potentials is illustrated. Compared with sodium channels of muscle, nodal calcium channel APs have a less negative resting membrane…
1 Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) 1.1 Idiopathic 1.2 Heritable 1.2.1 BMPR2 1.2.2 ALK1, ENG, Smad9, Cav1, KCNK3 1.2.3 Unknown 1.3 Drug and toxin induced 1.4 Associated with 1.4.1 Connective tissue…
Baseline to year 2 P value Year 2 to year 4 P value Year 4 to year 6 P value Characteristic Subjects without diabetes mellitus at the beginning of…
