Thoracic Key

Fig. 14.1 Anatomy of internal thoracic artery The ITA, opposite to the origin of the vertebral artery from the subclavian artery, diverges in almost a straight line vertically downward. The…

Fig. 13.1 Left internal thoracic artery is grafted to the left anterior descending artery. The right internal thoracic artery is grafted to the circumflex artery We usually use in situ…

Fig. 3.1 Bypass site and graft arrangement Overall bypass occlusion rate was 3.1 % (366/11,968). Graft stenosis rate was 1.9 %. Overall bypass occlusion rate was 2.1 % in LITA,…

Fig. 12.1 Three in situ arterial grafts: left IMA, right IMA, and right GEA Fig. 12.2 Two mammary arteries: the skeletonized RIMA is long enough to reach the distal LAD…

Fig. 26.1 Procedural components of OPCAB 26.3.2.1 Exposure (Patient and Heart Positioning) Trainees should first become familiar with the technique of exposure of the target coronary arteries with simultaneous maintenance…

  OPCAB OPCAB Postoperative heparin (−) Postoperative heparin (+) N = 412 N = 193 Total CVA 8 (1.9 %) 1 (0.5 %) Intraoperative 0 0 Incidence of CVA Postoperative 8 1 Incidence of…

Fig. 27.1 Preoperative enhanced 3-dimensional computed tomography (3DCT) shows the precise course of both internal mammary artery and a left anterior descending artery 27.3.2 Percutaneous Coronary Intervention In single-stage hybrid…

1. Continuous infusion of propofol and remifentanil is recommended for maintenance of anesthesia 2. Pulmonary artery catheter is a useful monitoring system while the heart is in a vertical position…

Fig. 11.1 Coronary occluder® (Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd.) 11.2 Coronary Artery Shunt Temporary coronary occlusion in OPCAB is an easy way to obtain an optimal operative field without any disturbing…

Characteristics Value Male/female 24/13 Mean age (years) 71.6 ± 8.1 Diabetes mellitus 22 (59 %) Dyslipidemia 23 (62 %) Hypertension 34 (92 %) Smoking 20 (54 %) Cerebrovascular accident 5 (14 %)…