Duplex Ultrasonography of the Mesenteric Circulation
Fig. 51.1 Lateral view demonstrating the typical ostial location of most atherosclerotic lesions in the main mesenteric vessels. There is a severe stenosis of both the celiac (larger arrow) and…
Color Venous Duplex Ultrasound of the Lower Extremity in the Diagnosis of Deep Venous Thrombosis
Inherited causes of thrombophilia Factor V Leiden mutation Prothrombin gene mutation Protein S deficiency Protein C deficiency Antithrombin deficiency Dysfibrinogenemia Plasminogen deficiency Acquired blood disorders Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia Hyperhomocysteinemia Myeloproliferative disorders…
Color Duplex Ultrasound in Dialysis Access Surveillance
where Us is the systemic [BUN], Ua is arterial line [BUN], and Uv is the venous line [BUN]. Existing methods (three-needle, peripheral vein techniques) of measurement of systemic [BUN] are…
Color Duplex Scanning of the Brachiocephalic/Subclavian Arteries
Fig. 13.1 Aortic arch and its branches . IA innominate artery, R ScA right subclavian artery, VA vertebral artery, R CCA right common carotid artery, L CCA left common carotid…
Intraoperative Ultrasound Assessment of Carotid Endarterectomy and Carotid Stent Angioplasty
Investigator CEAs (n) CEA revisions (%) ICA occlusions n (%) Restenosis at 2–3 years (%) Baker et al. [3] 316 3 3 (1%) 3 Papanicolaou et al. [4] 86 11…
Intravascular Ultrasound for Venous Stenting and Inferior Vena Cava Filter Insertion
Fig. 45.1 The bright echoes close to a multi-array catheter may be “ringed down” (top). The guidewire of a monorail type of catheter may create a wedge-formed acoustic shadow. By…
Computed Tomographic Angiography in the Diagnosis of Peripheral Arterial Disease
Fig. 61.1 Pitch. Pitch defines the degree of stretch of the helical path of the gantry in spiral CT. A pitch of 1.0 results in contiguous raw data for image…
Errors and Artifacts of Carotid Ultrasound Evaluation
Fig. 17.1 Variability of measurements of PSV by three ICAVL-accredited technologists from an in vitro flow model In a clinical study, the interobserver variability of measurements of PSV from the…
Improving Quality in Noninvasive Testing by Certification and Accreditation
Fig. 1.1 American Registry for Diagnostic Medical Sonography (ARDMS) , incorporated 1975 Registered Vascular Technologists (RVTs) currently number 31,000, the majority of whom are registered in another specialty as well…
Vascular Hemodynamics
Fig. 5.1 (a) Velocity curve (Doppler spectrum) from posterior tibial artery at rest illustrating how flow velocity is high during systole but low or zero during diastole. Notice the steep…
