Pleural empyema
Chapter 29 Pleural empyema Rana Sayeed 1 What is a pleural empyema (Figure 1)? • A pleural empyema represents an accumulation of pus within the pleural cavity which may be…
Mesothelioma
Chapter 24 Mesothelioma Tom Routledge, Andrea Bille, Lawrence Okiror 1 What is mesothelioma? • Malignant mesothelioma is a rare and very aggressive tumour of mesothelial cells. • It…
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Chapter 18 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Doug West 1 What is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) represents a collection of diseases, including chronic bronchitis and…
Pectus deformities
Chapter 30 Pectus deformities Robin Wotton, Babu Naidu 1 What are the causes of anterior chest wall deformities? • Pectus excavatum (90%) (Figure 1A). • Pectus carinatum (5-7%) (Figure 1B)….
Pneumothorax
Chapter 26 Pneumothorax Narain Moorjani, Nicola Viola 1 What is a pneumothorax (Figure 1)? • A pneumothorax is defined as air within the pleural space (between the visceral and parietal…
Pulmonary function tests
Chapter 5 Pulmonary function tests Martin Yates, Ian Hunt 1 How can respiratory function be assessed? • History – symptoms, exercise tolerance and performance status (PS). • Radiological imaging –…
Small cell lung cancer
Chapter 12 Small cell lung cancer Alia Noorani, Michael E. Dusmet 1 What is small cell lung cancer? • Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is defined as a malignant neuroendocrine…
Interstitial lung disease
Chapter 20 Interstitial lung disease Sandra Gelvez-Zapata, Francis Wells 1 What is interstitial lung disease? • Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a heterogeneous group of disorders that predominantly affect the…
Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and hiatus hernia
Chapter 33 Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and hiatus hernia John Duffy 1 What is gastro-oesophageal reflux disease? • Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) represents reflux of gastric acid greater than the normal…
Thoracic trauma
Chapter 40 Thoracic trauma Max Baghai, Donald Whitaker 1 What are the main causes of cardiothoracic trauma? • Major trauma (defined by an Injury Severity Score >15) can be caused…
