Oesophageal function tests
Chapter 6 Oesophageal function tests John Duffy, Mark Fox 1 Describe the anatomical course of the oesophagus (Figure 1) • The oesophagus is a muscular tube (approximately 25cm…
Mediastinal lesions
Chapter 35 Mediastinal lesions Tom Routledge 1 Describe the anatomy of the mediastinum • The mediastinum represents the medial compartment of the thorax and is bounded by the: …
Pleural effusion
Chapter 25 Pleural effusion Amit Modi, Edwin B. C. Woo 1 Describe the anatomy of the pleural space (Figure 1) Figure 1. Anatomy of the pleural space. •…
Dysphagia, oesophageal motility disorders and oesophagopharyngeal diverticula
Chapter 34 Dysphagia, oesophageal motility disorders and oesophagopharyngeal diverticula Sanjay Asopa, Joseph Rahamim 1 What is dysphagia? • Dysphagia represents difficulty in swallowing and is subclassified into: a)…
Solitary pulmonary nodule
Chapter 17 Solitary pulmonary nodule Khalid M. Amer 1 What is a solitary pulmonary nodule? • A solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN) is a discrete radiological lesion less than 3cm in…
Tracheal lesions
Chapter 23 Tracheal lesions Raghav Dwivedi, Faruque Riffat, Piyush Jani, Aman Coonar 1 What is the trachea? • The trachea is a cartilaginous and membranous tube that allows the passage…
Thoracic surgical complications
Chapter 10 Thoracic surgical complications Martin Chamberlain 1 Which cardiac arrhythmias occur following thoracic surgery? • Atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter are the most common, occurring in 10-15% of patients…
Thymic lesions
Chapter 36 Thymic lesions Kate Manley, Naresh Rughooputh, Matthew Gillam, Fouad J. Taghavi, Marco Scarci 1 What is the thymus? • The thymus is a primary lymphoid organ that receives…
Haemoptysis
Chapter 22 Haemoptysis Martin Chamberlain 1 What is haemoptysis? • Haemoptysis is defined as the coughing up of blood or blood-stained sputum. • The origin of the expectorated blood can…
Carcinoid and benign pulmonary tumours
Chapter 15 Carcinoid and benign pulmonary tumours Ali Zamir Khan, Khalid M. Amer 1 What are the causes of a benign pulmonary tumour? • Well-differentiated carcinoid tumour. • Chondroid hamartoma….
