Photodynamic Therapy
Fig. 11.1 Type I and type II reactions in PDT (“photodynamic reaction”). Schematic Jablonski diagram showing PDT’s mechanism of action. Following light absorption, the PS reaches an excited singlet state…
Anesthesia for Interventional Bronchoscopic Procedures
ASA physical status 1—A normal healthy patient ASA physical status 2—A patient with mild systemic disease ASA physical status 3—A patient with severe systemic disease ASA physical status 4—A patient…
The Newly Proposed Lung Cancer TNM Classification: Review and Clinical Implications
Descriptor Subgroup Definition T (tumor) T0 No evidence of primary tumor T1 Tumor ≤3 cm, surrounded by the lung or visceral pleura, not more central than the lobar bronchus T1a (mi)…
Evaluation of Outcomes After Interventional Procedures
Degree of tracheal obstruction (%) ΔMMRCa Respondersb (%) ≦1 ≧2 51–60 2 61–70 2 2 10/17 (58.8%) 71–80 5 6 81–90 2 9 11/13 (8406%) 91–100 2 aΔMMRC = change in MMRC…
Early Lung Cancer: Methods for Detection
Fig. 14.1 Autofluorescence bronchoscopy (AFB) image using AFI system. Representative case of carcinoma in situ. (a) White light bronchoscopy showed thickening of the bifurcation and partially covered with white coat….
Lung Cancer Screening
Fig. 19.1 Lead time represents the interval of time between screen detection and symptom-driven detection of cancer Fig. 19.2 Length time bias is introduced by the propensity of screening to…
Bronchoscopy and Interventional Pulmonology
© Springer International Publishing AG 2018Jose Pablo Díaz-Jimenez and Alicia N. Rodriguez (eds.)Interventions in Pulmonary Medicinehttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58036-4_40 40. Bronchoscopy and Interventional Pulmonology Reflections on the Past, the Present, and the Future Udaya B. S. Prakash1 (1) Department of Pulmonary…
Tissue Acquisition in Patients with Suspected Lung Cancer: Techniques Available to the Pulmonologist
1. Conventional flexible bronchoscopy with forceps biopsy, bronchial brushing, washing 2. Conventional transbronchial fine-needle aspiration (TBNA) 3. Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS)-guided TBNA 4. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided TBNA 5. Electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB)-guided forceps biopsy 6. Radial-probe endobronchial…
Cryotherapy: Application in the Airways
Fig. 9.1 Endobronchial obstruction caused by lung cancer Early Stage Lung Cancer If autofluorescence endoscopy is available, it could be used to define the lesion limits; otherwise, a margin of…
