Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Hypertension Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and hypertension are common medical conditions which often coexist. Is there is a causal relationship between these two conditions? This question…
For many years, clinicians have used diastolic blood pressure as the main risk indicator in hypertensive patients. However, several developments have caused a paradigmatic shift in our thinking about hypertension…
Our knowledge about the natural history of untreated hypertension is mainly based on historical information from a relatively short duration of time (1900s to 1970s). During that period, there was…
Over the past decade, there has been increasing interest in childhood hypertension and greater recognition that adult cardiovascular disease has its origins in childhood. Fueling this interest has been the…
Hypertension-induced cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality is caused by structural and functional alterations of the brain, heart, eyes, kidneys, and vasculature. Importantly, these hypertensive target organ damage (TOD) can be…
Elevated blood pressure (BP) remains an extraordinarily common and important risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) and renal diseases throughout the world. According to the 2011-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination…
Traditionally, identification and management of hypertension has been based on office blood pressure (BP) measurements. However, after the introduction of methods to assess BP values under everyday life conditions, through…
Advances and Major Points of Emphasis 1. Definition of the spectrum of progressive clinical manifestations attributable to renovascular disease 2. Recognition that moderate reductions in renal blood flow do not…
Hypertension resulting from mineralocorticoid excess can be categorized based on levels of renin and aldosterone ( Box 14.1 ). Aldosterone, deoxycorticosterone, and cortisol are the three major mineralocorticoid receptor ligands….
Because patients whose blood pressure (BP) rises to unhealthy levels usually have no symptoms to suggest the presence of this condition the only way to detect the “silent killer” is…
