Fig. 16.1 Patent results for the term “cardiac valve” within a US patent database 16.3 Market-Released Cardiac Valves The most commonly used devices currently available for valve replacement or repair…
Fig. 3.1 Median sternotomy approach for mitral valve repair. (a) The arterial cannula is in the ascending aorta along with a cannula for antegrade cardioplegia (white). The vena cavae have…
Fig. 17.1 Timeline of medical device development There are various types of heart valve clinical trials, from trials where a novel valve technology is being used for the first time…
Fig. 5.1 (a) Theodore Tuffier, (b) Alexis Carrel, and (c) Henry Souttar A 26-year-old male was prepped for surgery on July 13, 1912 (Table 5.1). “I observed, in a young…
Fig. 13.1 Graph illustrating the condition number of the material matrix [D] as the Poisson’s ratio approaches 0.5 Fig. 13.2 (a) Geometry of a plug of “soft tissue;” the top…
Fig. 14.1 Implantation of a St. Jude bileaflet mechanical valve in an ovine model (St. Jude Medical, St. Paul, MN). Reprinted with kind permission from Springer Science+Business Media, The handbook…
As long as the wall stress remains normal, the ventricular systolic performance (ejection fraction) will be maintained. In this setting, the cardiac output will be preserved and the patient may…
