Coarctation and PDA closure
Coarctation of the aorta can most simply be characterized as a discrete stenosis of the upper descending thoracic aorta. Since in many cases coarctation occurs at or near the origin…
Pulmonary balloon angioplasty for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a pulmonary vascular disease that results from fibrotic transformation of thromboemboli causing obstruction in the pulmonary vasculature. If left untreated, pulmonary artery pressure worsens,…
Pseudoaneurysm diagnosis and management
Introduction Cardiac pseudoaneurysms are an uncommon occurrence; however, they are associated with significant risk of complications. , A pseudoaneurysm is a contained rupture of the arterial vessel or myocardial wall….
Pulmonary valve interventions: Valvuloplasty and transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement
Pulmonary valvuloplasty Background Pulmonary valve stenosis (PS) is a common form of congenital heart disease that may present at any age, but often in infancy or early childhood in its…
Transcatheter biopsy for intracardiac masses
Introduction Intracardiac masses (ICMs) are rare entities in clinical practice. The differential diagnosis is wide, including pathologies such as infective, thrombotic, neoplastic, autoimmune, iatrogenic, or hamartomatous lesions. Unless clearly associated…
Closure of abnormal coronary communications: Coronary, fistulae, congenital, and iatrogenic
Introduction Congenital fistulae cover a wide spectrum of vascular disorders including a variety of arteriovenous (AV) malformations, but also can include venovenous communications. Structural and congenital cardiology interventionalists most often…
Pulmonary vein stenosis: Management and outcomes
Introduction Pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) is a relatively infrequent yet detrimental complication of atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation thought to be related to intimal thermal or barotrauma of the pulmonary veins…
Novel percutaneous tricuspid repair techniques
Introduction The tricuspid valve apparatus is a complex and dynamic structure that interacts intricately with surrounding anatomy. The vast majority of patients with tricuspid valve disease have tricuspid valve regurgitation…
Tricuspid valve-in-valve/valve-in-ring therapy
Background Transcatheter valve replacement is becoming an increasingly favored option to treat a failing tricuspid bioprosthetic valve (BPV). As clinical experience grows and valve technology expands, the option of implanting…
TAVR alternate access sites
Background The transfemoral approach remains the first-line access choice for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Initially up to a third of patients were unsuitable for the transfemoral approach, although this…
