Thoracic Key

Innocent Murmurs “One needs to know what is normal before one can know what is abnormal” Most children, at some time, will have a heart murmur. However, very few of…

Pediatric Exercise Testing “Those who think they have not time for bodily exercise will, sooner or later, have to find time for illness” Accurate and reproducible measurement of work performance…

Clinical Evaluation “Listen to what patients are saying because they are telling you the diagnosis” In most cases, it is difficult to arrive at an accurate anatomic diagnosis of the…

Cardiovascular Physiology “It is the physician’s privilege to cure sometimes, to relieve often, to comfort always” Basic Cardiovascular Physiology It is essential to understand basic cardiovascular physiology to appreciate the…