Operations on the Internal Carotid Artery
Operations on the Internal Carotid Artery INDICATIONS FOR CAROTID SURGERY The general adoption of the single metric of percent stenosis to select patients for intervention or operation is regrettable. It…
Reconstruction of the Vertebral Artery
Reconstruction of the Vertebral Artery INDICATIONS FOR SURGERY Reconstruction of the VA is indicated in patients with VBI symptoms and appropriate VA lesions. Other than in reconstructions done for extracranial…
Operations on the Supraortic Trunks
Operations on the Supraortic Trunks The supraaortic trunks may be repaired directly through a trans-sternal approach and remotely through cervical incisions. TRANS-THORACIC REPAIRS: THE UPPER MIDSTERNOTOMY The advantages of the…
The Pathology
The Pathology LESION Duplex Ultrasonography (US) is currently the standard tool for the initial evaluation of a patient suspected of having carotid artery disease. The rating of carotid artery disease…
Anatomy and Function of the Carotid and Vertebral Systems
Anatomy and Function of the Carotid and Vertebral Systems THE BRANCHES OF THE AORTIC ARCH (SUPRAAORTIC TRUNKS) PLATE 1.1. Fragment of Las Dos Fridas, with Frieda Kahlo’s (1907 to 1954)…
Differences Between the Carotid and Vertebral Systems
Differences Between the Carotid and Vertebral Systems For the vascular surgeon, the differences between the carotid and vertebral systems are more relevant than their similarities. Both arteries supply the brain,…
