Thoracic Key

Fig. 11.1 Joseph Priestley (1733–1804). (From the National Portrait Gallery, by permission) While Priestley’s discoveries in the area of oxygen and a number of other important gases are naturally the…

Fig. 14.1 Humphry Davy (1778–1829). (From the National Portrait Gallery, London, by permission) There is an extensive literature on Davy. A readable introduction is Hartley [8]. The biography by Knight…

Fig. 15.1 Denis Jourdanet (1815–1892). By permission of the Wellcome Trust It is therefore remarkable that in spite of Jourdanet’s groundbreaking idea as acknowledged by Bert (Fig. 15.2), very little about…

Fig. 13.1 Henry Cavendish (1731–1810). This sketch was made surreptitiously by William Alexander. From [16] Cavendish was a very eminent scientist but not a major figure in physiology. However his…

Fig. 1.1 Galen of Pergamon (Claude Galien in French). Lithograph by Pierre Roche Vigneron, Paris ca. 1865 Another reason for choosing Galen as an introduction to Western physiology is that…

Fig. 7.1 Marcello Malpighi (1628–1694) Malpighi studied philosophy for a few years but in 1653 he turned his attention to anatomy at the University of Bologna, and this was the…

Fig. 17.1 Alexander M. Kellas (1868–1921). Archives of the Royal Geographical Society, by permission Alexander Kellas was educated at Aberdeen Grammar School and in 1889 went to Edinburgh to study…

Fig. 3.1 Evangelista Torricelli (1608–1647). (From (Lezioni d’Evangelista Torricelli and available at http://​en.​wikipedia.​org/​wiki/​File:​Libr0367.​jpg)) Fig. 3.2 Portion of the text of Torricelli’s letter to Ricci containing the phrase “We live submerged…

Fig. 6.1 Hooke’s drawing of the microscopic appearance of cork in Micrographia. He was the first person to use the word cell. From [10] However the most interesting parts of…

Fig. 8.1 Stephen Hales, D.D., F.R.S. (1677–1761) Stephen Hales is best known in physiology for his work on blood pressure, which is described in his book Haemastaticks [7]. A modern…