Infective Endocarditis
Abstract Despite the advances in therapies and updated guidelines, infective endocarditis remains a cause of considerable morbidity and mortality in children. Infective endocarditis (IE) is defined as an infection of…
Adult Congenital Heart Disease
Abstract The population of adults with congenital heart disease is large and growing. This group has a high rate of health resource utilization, including hospital admissions. It is predicted that…
Transposition of the Great Arteries and the Arterial Switch Operation
Abstract Transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA) occurs in 3 per 10,000 live births and makes up 5% to 7% of all congenital heart disease. Without surgery, less than 10%…
Aortopulmonary Window; Hemitruncus
Abstract Aortopulmonary (AP) window is a very rare congenital heart disease resulting from a defect in the shared wall between the great arteries during embryogenesis. There are four major types…
Truncus Arteriosus
Abstract Persistent truncus arteriosus is a relatively rare cardiac anomaly, occurring in 0.4% to 4% of individuals with congenital heart disease. The condition is characterized by a single arterial trunk…
Mitral Valve Disease
Abstract Congenital mitral valve disease is rarely seen in isolation. It is more commonly associated with complex congenital defects, including Shone’s complex, hypoplastic left heart syndrome, transposition of the great…
Heart Disease and Connective Tissue Disorders
Abstract In recent years there has been a growing awareness of and focus on connective tissue diseases (CTDs) and associated cardiovascular pathology, particularly in children. These diseases are hereditary disorders…
Ventricular Septal Defects
Abstract Ventricular septal defects (VSDs) remain one of the commonest indications for surgery among infants and children with congenital heart disease. With advancements in echocardiography, there remains a very limited…
Coarctation of the Aorta
Abstract Coarctation of the aorta is a common form of congenital heart disease. Presentation, evaluation, and treatment of coarctation of the aorta is different in neonates and infants compared with…
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Abstract Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a congenital heart defect that can exist as an isolated lesion or as a component part of many other congenital heart defects. A PDA…
