Infundibuloarterial Situs Equations and Analysis
There is so much that is new in Chapter 22, Chapter 23, Chapter 24, Chapter 25, Chapter 26 , it may be helpful to summarize and to integrate this new…
Tricuspid Valve Anomalies
How many anatomically different kinds of malformation can befall the tricuspid valve? Our database suggests that the answer is at least 12 ( Table 13.1 ). TABLE 13.1 Anatomic Types…
Superoinferior Ventricles
The malformation known as superoinferior (SI) ventricles is characterized typically by a superior morphologically right ventricle (RV), an inferior morphologically left ventricle (LV), and a relatively horizontal ventricular septum (VS)….
Ventricular Septal Defects
In 1989, Dr. John Kirklin asked me how I thought ventricular septal defects (VSDs) should be described, named, and classified. Soto, Ceballos, and Kirklin were just about to publish their…
Absence of the Subpulmonary Infundibulum With Its Sequelae Has Been Misinterpreted as Common Aortopulmonary Trunk
As classically conceived, truncus arteriosus communis (common aortopulmonary trunk) seems not to exist. The classical embryologic conception is that the truncoconal septum has failed to grow downward from the aortic…
Infundibuloarterial Situs Equations: How Normally and Abnormally Related Great Arteries Are Built and the Importance of Infundibuloarterial Situs Concordance and Discordance
Now that we have considered tricuspid valve anomalies (see Chapter 13 ), mitral valve anomalies (see Chapter 14 ), and common atrioventricular (AV) canal (see Chapter 11 ), we are…
Anomalous Infundibular Muscle Bundles: Also Known as Anomalous Muscle Bundles of the Right Ventricle and as Double-Chambered Right Ventricle
What are anomalous muscle bundles of the right ventricle, also known as double-chambered right ventricle? As will be seen, these malformations really are anomalous infundibular muscle bundles. Statistics In the…
Tetralogy of Fallot
The anomaly now known as the tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) was first described, insofar as is known, by Niels Stensen in 1671. He was also known in Latin as Nicolaus…
Pulmonary Venous Anomalies
Totally Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection/Drainage Definition Totally anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) is an anomaly in which none of the pulmonary veins connect normally with the morphologically left atrium (LA)….
Common Atrioventricular Canal
Acknowledgment I would like to thank Silvio Litovsky, M.D., for his great help in analyzing the data on which this chapter is based. Definition The anomaly known as common atrioventricular…
