Weakness and Malaise
Weakness and Malaise The patient is a 26-year-old woman who has had weakness and malaise for 1 to 2 months. She has a past history of congenital heart disease, and…
Increasing Shortness of Breath
Increasing Shortness of Breath A 25-year-old medical student had a 6-month history of increasing shortness of breath. Since childhood, he was less physically fit than his classmates, but this was…
Aortic Stenosis after a Modified Ross Procedure
Aortic Stenosis after a Modified Ross Procedure The patient is a 23-year-old man with a history of aortic stenosis, status post modified Ross procedure at age 9, complicated by complete…
Mild Exertional Dyspnea
Mild Exertional Dyspnea A 23-year-old woman has mild exertional dyspnea. Her electrocardiogram is normal, but she has a systolic and diastolic heart murmur. The 2D transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) images show…
Marfan Syndrome, Status Post Bentall Procedure
Marfan Syndrome, Status Post Bentall Procedure A 19-year-old woman with Marfan syndrome is status post Bentall procedure (Figs. 1-1, 1-2, 1-3 and 1-4 and Videos 1-1 to 1-4). Figure 1-1….
