Long-acting bronchodilators represent the mainstay of maintenance treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This state-of-the-art review summarizes currently available data on the safety, efficacy, and clinical effectiveness of long-acting…
Lung function testing has undisputed value in the comprehensive assessment and individualized management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, a pathologic condition in which a functional abnormality, poorly reversible expiratory airway…
Governments could help prevent chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by reducing smoking rates; for example, through tobacco sale restriction, increasing tobacco prices, reducing nicotine content, and banning smoking in public…
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex disease manifested primarily as airflow limitation that is partially reversible as confirmed by spirometry. COPD patients frequently develop systemic manifestations, such as…
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been traditionally considered a self-inflicted disease caused by tobacco smoking. Current available evidence, however, indicates that the pathogenesis of COPD needs to consider the…
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a highly heterogeneous disease with limited adequate treatments. Biomarkers—which may relate to disease susceptibility, diagnosis, prognosis, or treatment response—are ideally suited to dissecting such…
Computerized tomography in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been the subject of intense interest in the research and clinical community. Methods have been developed to objectively detect and quantify…
The term asthma chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) overlap (ACO) has been popularized to describe people who simultaneously have features of both diseases. Analysis of the basis of disease classification…
Evaluating symptoms is a central part of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) assessment system as suggested by the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD). Considering the pros…
Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) was the first genetic risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) described. In the more than 50 years since its description, the disease continues to provide…
