Pathology of the Heart Valves
Fig. 7.1 Cross-sectional view at the level of the semilunar valves. In the aortic valve, the right coronary artery ostium can be observed in the right sinus and the beginning…
Methodological Approach to Cardiac Autopsy
Biopsy Explanted heart Clinical autopsy Medico-legal autopsy Diagnosis of myocarditis and cardiomyopathies Diagnosis Correlation with imaging techniques Cause of death Diagnosis of rejection, infection, or lymphoproliferative disorder in a transplanted…
Coronary Atherosclerotic Disease
Description Thrombosis Non-atherosclerotic Intimal Lesions Intimal hyperplasia Accumulation of smooth muscle cells in the intima, in the absence of lipids or macrophage foam cells (Fig. 5.1). Absent Intimal xanthoma…
Pathology of the Aorta
Congenital and developmental disorders Transposition of great arteries, hypoplasia of the aorta, double aortic arch, aortic arch interruption (often associated with aortic coartaction) aortic valve malformations (supravalvular stenosis, bicuspid aortic…
Pulmonary Artery Pathology
1. Congenital vascular malformations: Unilateral absence of a pulmonary artery, atresia, pulmonary artery stenosis associated with extreme tetralogy of Fallot or anomalies in the intraparenchymal vessels, due to defects in…
Cardiac Tumours
Predominantly in children Predominantly in adults Rhabdomyoma Myxoma Fibroma Papillary fibroelastoma Purkinje cell tumour Lipomatous hypertrophy of the interatrial septum. Lipoma Teratoma Hemangioma- Angiosarcoma Rhabdomyosarcoma Lymphomas Myxoma Paraganglioma Inflammatory myofibroblastic…
Cardiomyopathies
1995 (WHO) 2006 (AHA) 2008 (ESC) Idiopathic Primary Familial/genetic DCM Genetic or HCM HCM Non–familial RCM ACM ARVC LVNC HCM Unclassified Glycogen storage defects DCM Conduction defects RCM Specific Mitochondrial…
Pathology of the Cardiac Conduction System
Fig. 10.1 Anatomy of the AV node and bundle of His in relation to the ostium of the coronary sinus, the septal leaflet of the tricuspid valve and the membranous…
Myocarditis
Infections: Virus: adenovirus, enterovirus (Coxsackie), echovirus, herpes simplex virus, hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus, parvovirus B19 Bacteria: Staphylococcus, Streptoccocus sp., Legionella, Mycobacterium sp., Mycoplasma pneumoniae Fungi: Aspergillus, Candida, Cryptococcus…
Non-Atherosclerotic Coronary Artery Disease
Remarks There are familial cases of anomalous origin of the coronary arteries, in which a family screening would be recommended Anomalies of the coronary arteries can be the cause of…
