Epicardial Ventricular Tachycardia
Abstract Ventricular tachycardia (VT) originating from the subepicardium is an important cause of failure of endocardial approaches to VT ablation. Mapping arrhythmia foci or circuits that are deep within the…
Ventricular Arrhythmias in Adults With Congenital Heart Disease
Abstract In general, patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) are prone to two forms of ventricular tachyarrhythmias: (1) macroreentrant monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT) related to scar or prosthetic materials used…
Ventricular Tachycardia in Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Abstract Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the most common type of cardiomyopathy and is often viewed as a “final common pathway” of numerous types of cardiac injuries. The diagnosis of nonischemic…
Ventricular Arrhythmias in Ischemic Heart Disease
Abstract Coronary heart disease is the most common cause of clinically documented ventricular tachycardia (VT). The majority of sustained monomorphic VTs in patients with prior myocardial infarction (MI) are caused…
Fascicular Ventricular Tachycardia
Abstract Idiopathic fascicular ventricular tachycardia (VT) is a reentrant tachycardia involving the left fascicular Purkinje system. The reentry circuit is most commonly (90%) located in the territory of the left…
Focal Atrial Tachycardia
Abstract Focal atrial tachycardia (AT) is characterized by atrial activation starting at a small area (focus), from which it spreads out centrifugally. “Focal” implies that the site of origin cannot…
Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia
Abstract Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) is the most common form of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. The exact electroanatomic circuit responsible for AVNRT remains elusive. Current evidence suggests that dual atrioventricular…
Typical Atrial Flutter
Abstract The term typical atrial flutter (AFL) is reserved for a macroreentrant circuit with the activation wavefront rotating clockwise or counterclockwise around the tricuspid annulus and using the cavotricuspid isthmus…
Wide Complex Tachycardias
Abstract Wide complex tachycardia (WCT) is a rhythm with a rate of more than 100 beats/min and a QRS duration of more than 120 milliseconds. Several arrhythmias can manifest as…
Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardias
Abstract A “supraventricular” origin of a tachycardia implies the obligatory involvement of one or more cardiac structures above the bifurcation of the His bundle (HB), including atrial myocardium, atrioventricular node…
