Fundamentals of Intracardiac Mapping
Abstract This chapter discusses the fundamentals of intracardiac mapping as it relates to the mapping and ablation of cardiac arrhythmias. The initial sections are dedicated to the basis and methodology…
Catheter 3-Dimensional Mapping Systems
Abstract Three-dimensional (3-D) mapping systems have been developed and used for more than 20 years to map more complex arrhythmias that cannot easily be treated with traditional electrophysiological approaches. These…
Ablation of Nonisthmus-Dependent Flutters and Atrial Macroreentry
Abstract Atypical atrial flutters refer to a spectrum of arrhythmias that vary in location and circuit dimensions. These arrhythmias are often recognized after catheter ablation or surgical treatment of atrial…
Remote Catheter Navigation Systems
Abstract Remote catheter navigation to perform cardiac ablation can offer improved and stable catheter movement, as well as reaching locations that might be difficult to reach manually. Remote navigation systems…
Irrigated and Cooled-Tip Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation
Abstract In animal experiments, cooled ablation overcomes the limitations of standard radiofrequency (RF) delivery by cooling the catheter tip and preventing an impedance rise, thus allowing higher power delivery and…
Ablation of Focal Atrial Tachycardias
Abstract Focal atrial tachycardia (AT) is the least common form of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). It accounts for approximately 5% to 15% of SVT cases undergoing catheter ablation. Focal AT is…
Intracardiac Echocardiography, Computed Cardiac Tomography, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Guiding Mapping and Ablation
Abstract Cardiac imaging studies play an essential role in contemporary invasive electrophysiologic mapping and ablation procedures. From guiding appropriate patient selection, to preprocedure definition of the substrate, to intraprocedural demonstration…
Catheter Cryoablation: Biophysics and Clinical Applications
Abstract Cryoablation is a safe and efficient energy for treating a variety of arrhythmic substrates at risk of atrioventricular (AV) block during ablation, including AV nodal reentrant tachycardia and septal…
Biophysics and Pathophysiology of Radiofrequency Lesion Formation
Abstract Radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation depends upon the conversion of electrical energy to tissue heat that results in thermal injury and necrosis of the targeted arrhythmogenic tissue. Tissue heating results…
Guiding Lesion Formation During Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation
Abstract Titrating radiofrequency (RF) energy in cardiac catheter ablation procedures is a key component of creating effective, durable lesions while minimizing the risk of procedural complications. Because RF catheter ablation…
