Funnel chest Pigeon chest Aplasia or dysplasia Pectus excavatum Pectus carinatum Ectopia cordis Cleft sternum Poland’s syndrome Asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy Pectus Excavatum Pectus excavatum is the anterior depression of the…
Newborn 1 year 7 years Adult Compliance (ml/cm H2O) 5 15 50 60–100 Resistance (cm H2O/l/s) 40 15 4 2 Fig. 67.1 Ventilation per minute and physiological dead space Lung compliance…
Indication Assessment of the airway Suspicion of a foreign body Malformation of the upper airway Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome Persistent/recurrent symptom (cough, stridor, wheezing) Persistent/recurrent disease (atelectasis, pneumonia, etc.) Follow-up…
Pulmonary complications Extrapulmonary complications Suppurated pleuropulmonary complications Immunological/infectious complications Necrotizing pneumonia Pneumatocele, pyopneumatocele Pulmonary abscess Parapneumonic pleural effusion Pleural empyema Mechanical complications of suppurated pneumonias: Air escaping (pneumothorax and bronchopleural…
1. High airway obstruction Congenital Craniofacial dimorphism Paralysis of the vocal chords Subglottic hemangioma Subglottic membrane Upper subglottic or tracheal stenosis Pharyngeal collapse Severe laryngomalacia Acquired Secondary subglottic stenosis Severe…
Airway disease Asthma, cystic fibrosis, interstitial emphysema Postinfectious Pneumocystis jirovecii, tuberculosis, lung abscess, necrotizing pneumonia, HIV, parasites Connective tissue diseases Marfan syndrome, Ehlers–Danlos syndrome, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus,…
Fig. 54.1 Origin of the different bronchopulmonary malformations Epidemiology It has been difficult to estimate the precise incidence of lung malformations, and because they are asymptomatic lesions, many authors consider…
Immune category Age: <12 months Age: 1–5 years Age: 6–13 years CD4/μl (%) CD4/μl (%) CD4/μl (%) No immunosuppression ≥1500 (≥25) ≥1000 (≥25) ≥500 (≥25) Moderate immunosuppression 750–1499 (14–24) 500–999 (14–24) 200–499 (14–24)…
