Fig. 54.1 Origin of the different bronchopulmonary malformations Epidemiology It has been difficult to estimate the precise incidence of lung malformations, and because they are asymptomatic lesions, many authors consider…

Mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) is a particle size (in microns, μm) that divides the mass in such a way that half of the particles of that aerosol have a…

Immune category Age: <12 months Age: 1–5 years Age: 6–13 years CD4/μl (%) CD4/μl (%) CD4/μl (%) No immunosuppression ≥1500 (≥25) ≥1000 (≥25) ≥500 (≥25) Moderate immunosuppression 750–1499 (14–24) 500–999 (14–24) 200–499 (14–24)…

Cause Laryngomalacia Vocal cord paralysis Congenital or acquired congenital stenosis Laryngeal cleft Laryngeal membrane Subglottic hemangioma Laryngeal papillomatosis Cysts and laryngoceles Laryngeal condylomatosis Proximal tracheomalacia Foreign body Applied Physiopathology Stridor…

Fig. 73.1 Survival rate of newborns. Survival rate of 34,650 newborns after reported ECMO to the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO), grouped by cause of admission to ECMO (ERCP Extracorporeal…

Fig. 30.1 Taxonomy of Paramyxoviridae virus RSV, particularly, expresses two superficial glycoproteins: fusion (F) protein and binding proteins (G). These glycoproteins are very important in the virus lack of effectiveness…

Pattern Incidence Causal agent Diffuse Common Pneumocystis Cytomegalovirus Mycobacterium Rare Cryptococcus Aspergillus Candida Nodular or cavitary Common Cryptococcus Bacteria Nocardia Aspergillus Mycobacterium Rare Legionella Septic embolism Focal Common Bacteria Cryptococcus…

High pressures in the first breaths  Expulsion of lung fluid  Decrease in lung vascular resistance  Constriction and functional closure of the arteriosus ductus High distensibility of the rib cage  Low…

Fig. 47.1 Frequency of post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans (PIBO) Table 47.1 Causes of bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) Transplant Graft versus host after bone marrow transplant Chronic rejection after lung transplant Infections Virus…

Fig. 10.1 Flow/volume curves. (a) Patient with mild to moderate expiratory muscular compromise. The initial slope of a slow ascent is observed. The maximum expiratory flow (MEF) does not show…