Measure Value (20 cc bolus) Age < 65 years Age ≥ 65 years Oropharyngeal transit time (s) 0.23 0.42 Hypopharyngeal transit time (s) 0.64 0.77 Airway closure duration (s) 0.72 0.85 PES opening duration (s)…
Fig. 4.1 A sagittal rendering of the oral cavity and oropharynx demonstrates normal anatomic structures. CI central incisor; S symphysis of mandible; white arrowhead floor of mouth; white arrow hard…
Fig. 2.1 Positioning of the C-arm fluoroscopic unit during examination of a patient in the lateral fluoroscopic view. There is a disk of known diameter taped under the chin, a…
Fig. 3.1 Positioning for seated anterior–posterior esophagram. There is a disk of known diameter taped to the right side of the neck, a towel protecting the clothing from spilled barium,…
Source Dose (mSv) Chest X-ray 0.01 Trans-Atlantic flight 0.04 Videofluoroscopic swallow study 0.04–1.00 CT scan (head) 2 Annual background radiation 3 CT scan (abdominal) 5 CT computed tomography Organizations overseeing…
Chapter 11 Service planning and delivery for chronic adult breathlessness Siân Williams1 and Chiara De Poli2 1London Respiratory Network, NHS London Strategic Clinical Networks, London, UK. 2London School of Economics…
Chapter 12 Palliative care in respiratory disease in low-resource settings Talant M. Sooronbaev Respiratory Medicine, Intensive Care and Sleep Medicine Department of NCCIM, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan. Correspondence: Talant M. Sooronbaev, Respiratory…
Chapter 9 Measurement of breathlessness Mark B. Parshall1 and Janelle Yorke2 1College of Nursing, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA. 2University of Manchester and The Christie NHS Foundation Trust,…
Chapter 6 The construct of breathlessness Sara Booth1 and Robert Lansing2 1Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK. 2Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA. Correspondence: Sara Booth,…
