Chest Computed Tomography Mark Mangano Sanjeev Bhalla General Principles The cross-sectional orientation and contrast sensitivity of CT are well suited for detecting, describing, and distinguishing among diseases of the thorax….
The Chest Radiograph Mark Mangano Adrian Shifren Sanjeev Bhalla General Principles The CXR is ubiquitous in medicine and remains among the hardest of diagnostic studies to master. The key to…
Respiratory mechanics and sounds: ( Fig. 28.1 ) • Inspiration: • Active process in which diaphragmatic contraction generates negative intrathoracic pressure, sucking air into the conducting airways • Exhalation: •…
Common misconceptions and mistakes • Extreme hyperglycemia always implies profound dehydration and is pathognomonic for a hyperosmolar-type presentation • Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) always requires aggressive fluid resuscitation • Attributing ketoacidosis…
Common misconceptions and mistakes • Parsing out critical care into its individual interventions, asking surrogates what they think their loved one would want (eg, triple-lumen catheter [TLC] placement, nasogastric [NG]…
Common misconceptions and mistakes • Advising your patients to avoid resuscitation based on your assessment of the severity of their baseline cardiopulmonary disease and your “certainty” that resuscitation attempts would…
Common misconceptions and mistakes • Giving three complete, separate physical examinations when presenting a single new admission (emegency department [ED] examination, intensive care unit (ICU) admit examination, and the current…
Common misconceptions and mistakes • All unarousable patients should be immediately intubated because “they are not protecting their airway” • Failing to realize that only a finite number of processes…
Common misconceptions and mistakes • Behaving as if humans are “brittle” with regard to volume status—namely that they transition quickly from total body volume overload to volume depletion (in a…
Common misconceptions and mistakes • Believing that a double-lumen tube is the preferred airway in a patient with massive hemoptysis • Failing to treat patients with bronchiectasis and hemoptysis with…
