Pulmonary Hypertension
Pulmonary Hypertension Murali M. Chakinala Adam Anderson General Principles Definition Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is defined by a mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) >25 mm Hg.1 Discrimination of the type of…
RESPIRATORY
Pulmonary Embolism and Deep Venous Thrombosis
Pulmonary Embolism and Deep Venous Thrombosis Hannah Otepka Mannem Roger D. Yusen General Principles Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is a commonly diagnosed condition with a morbidity and mortality rate that…
Pulmonary Vasculitis
Pulmonary Vasculitis Amit Patel Alfred H. J. Kim Vasculitis Overview General Principles This chapter discusses the pulmonary features of systemic vasculitides, primarily focusing on the antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated small-vessel…
Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage
Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage Amber A. Afshar Richard D. Brasington General Principles Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) encompasses a heterogeneous group of pulmonary and nonpulmonary disorders characterized by widespread intra-alveolar bleeding. DAH…
Hemoptysis
Hemoptysis Daniel R. Crouch Tonya D. Russell General Principles Definition Hemoptysis refers to the expectoration of blood originating from the lower airway or lung. Massive hemoptysis is defined as the…
Cystic Fibrosis
Cystic Fibrosis Robert Guzy Daniel B. Rosenbluth General Principles Definition Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene (CFTR),…
Viral Pulmonary Infections
Viral Pulmonary Infections Brian C. Keller Steven L. Brody General Principles Viral respiratory infections account for nearly 50% of all acute respiratory illnesses. Most infections are self-limited. Approximately 200 antigenically…
Fungal Pulmonary Infections
Fungal Pulmonary Infections Catherine Chen Introduction Infections of the lung with both opportunistic and endemic fungi are increasingly common and are a result of the increasing population of immunocompromised hosts,…
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis Jonathan Baghdadi Carlos C. Daughaday General Principles Classification Active infection can occur with initial exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) or following reactivation of latent disease. Latent infection occurs when…
Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia
Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia Cristina Vazquez Guillamet Marin H. Kollef General Principles Definition Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) is pneumonia occurring >48 hours after admission to the hospital.1 Ventilator-acquired pneumonia (VAP) is pneumonia occurring…
