Physiology of Fixed Airway Obstruction
Fig. 7.1 Flow through tubes. (a), laminar flow. (b), transitional flow. (c), turbulent flow. (d), with turbulent flow, a higher pressure is required to maintain the flow rate, and the…
RESPIRATORY
Assessment of Vocal Cord Function and Voice Disorders
Upper respiratory infections Endotracheal intubations Time coarse Trauma Profession and vocal demands Vocal abuse Tobacco, alcohol, and drug use Dietary habits Heartburn and acid reflux Hydration Allergy Environmental and chemical…
Bronchoscopy Unit Design for Advanced Procedures
Fig. 4.1 Determining procedural unit space needs General Requirements of Procedural Area Hospital procedural suites must adhere to many regulatory bodies including but not limited to internal and external groups….
The Bronchoscope: What is Available, Determining Selection, and How to Properly Care for the Instrument
Fig. 3.1 Non-video and video bronchoscopes The true “video” bronchoscope (Fig. 3.1) did not become available until 1987 when the charged coupled device technology (CCD chip) was able to be…
Airway Anatomy
Fig. 9.1 Pharyngeal anatomy. Sagittal view of pharynx divided into (1) nasopharynx, (2) oropharynx, and (3) hypopharynx (From Nemec SF, Krestan CR, Noebauer-Huhmann IM, et al. Radiologische Normalanatomie des Larynx…
Pleural Manometry
Fig. 55.1 Pleural elastance curves. Open circle = normal elastance, closed circle = lung entrapment, x = trapped lung (Reprinted with permission of the American Thoracic Society. Copyright © American…
Electrosurgery
Fig. 32.1 A patient with GOLD III COPD, diabetes, and previous history of CABG and poor vascular condition used aspirin and was presented with hemorrhagic sputum. Superficial spreading squamous carcinoma…
Principles of Cancer Staging
Fig. 12.1 Survival curves according to the seventh IASLC staging system. In panel A, the survival figures for the different clinical stages are presented. In panel B, the same survival…
Bronchoscopy Education
Fig. 10.1 Examples of ogive “S”-shaped learning curve and plateau with incremental gain and occasional dip (Courtesy of Dr. Henri G. Colt, MD) Bronchoscopy-Related Education Literature The bronchoscopy-related literature is…
Simulation for Endoscopy Training
Fig. 11.1 A lo-fidelity mechanical airway model for bronchoscopy teaching Domenico et al. were able to build a real-scale anatomically accurate bronchoscopy model that cost less than $30 by utilizing…
