Definition The morphologically right atrium (RA) opens into both the morphologically right ventricle (RV) and the morphologically left ventricle (LV) via two atrioventricular (AV) valves resulting in double-outlet right atrium…
Definition The classic form of cor triatriatum (meaning “heart with three atria”) may be defined as a rare cardiac malformation in which the left atrium (LA) is subdivided into dorsal…
We shall begin the specific anomalies section with systemic venous malformations because this book is organized in a venoarterial or blood-flow sequence—segment by segment, alignment by alignment, and connection by…
The segmental approach to the diagnosis of congenital heart disease is based on an understanding of the morphologic and segmental anatomy of the heart. The morphologic anatomy of the heart…
An accurate, statistically analyzed database is considered to be of fundamental importance in the effort to make our field more quantitative. At present, almost no book on pediatric cardiology, pediatric…
In the human, an embryo may be defined as the developing organism from fertilization until the end of the second month of gestation, that is, from 0 to 60 days…
An understanding of normal morphologic anatomy is basic to the accurate diagnosis of congenital heart disease. One of the diagnostic problems posed by complex congenital heart disease is that any…
Who really discovered the circulation of the blood? Although much has been written, the correct answer to this fundamental question remains largely unknown. The early history of the development of…
Who really discovered the circulation of the blood? Although much has been written, the correct answer to this fundamental question remains largely unknown. The early history of the development of…
Introduction Infective endocarditis (IE) is a morbid disease that requires meticulous clinical assessment and risk stratification in the early stages of illness [ ]. Outcomes are impacted by multiple factors:…
