Anatomically corrected malposition of the great arteries is defined as malposition of the great arteries in which both great arteries nevertheless arise above the morphologically appropriate ventricles, aorta above the…
Single ventricle means that one ventricular sinus, body, or inflow tract is present; in other words, one ventricular sinus, body, or inflow tract is absent. In single LV (morphologically left…
The new information, also presented in Chapter 15, Chapter 26, Chapter 27 , raises questions about how best to name and define various types of congenital heart disease. Consider, for…
There is so much that is new in Chapter 22, Chapter 23, Chapter 24, Chapter 25, Chapter 26 , it may be helpful to summarize and to integrate this new…
How many anatomically different kinds of malformation can befall the tricuspid valve? Our database suggests that the answer is at least 12 ( Table 13.1 ). TABLE 13.1 Anatomic Types…
The malformation known as superoinferior (SI) ventricles is characterized typically by a superior morphologically right ventricle (RV), an inferior morphologically left ventricle (LV), and a relatively horizontal ventricular septum (VS)….
In 1989, Dr. John Kirklin asked me how I thought ventricular septal defects (VSDs) should be described, named, and classified. Soto, Ceballos, and Kirklin were just about to publish their…
As classically conceived, truncus arteriosus communis (common aortopulmonary trunk) seems not to exist. The classical embryologic conception is that the truncoconal septum has failed to grow downward from the aortic…
Now that we have considered tricuspid valve anomalies (see Chapter 13 ), mitral valve anomalies (see Chapter 14 ), and common atrioventricular (AV) canal (see Chapter 11 ), we are…
What are anomalous muscle bundles of the right ventricle, also known as double-chambered right ventricle? As will be seen, these malformations really are anomalous infundibular muscle bundles. Statistics In the…
