Abnormal (>45 mmHg)>8 mmHg0010 contractionsDistal esophageal spasmNormal (≤45 mmHg)Abnormal (>45 mmHg)Normal(≤8 mmHg)Abnormal(>8 mmHg)1–8≤2 waves≥2 contractions≤9 contractionsHypercontractile motilityHypertensive LESNutcracker esophagus>45 mmHg≤8 mmHg7–10 wavesb≤2 waves≤1 contractionHypocontractile motilityHypotensive LESIneffective esophageal motility<10 mmHg≤8 mmHg0–7…
Metastases to lung Epidemiology PSP has an incidence of 7.4 to 18 cases (age-adjusted incidence) per 100,000 population each year in males and 1.2 to 6 cases per 100,000 population…
Figure 17.1 Chest CT scan showing single pulmonary metastasis located in the left superior lobe originating from colorectal carcinoma excised by thoracoscopic wedge. Pulmonary reserve Complete pulmonary function and a…
61 (at 24 mo)723—0.047UFT meta-analysis[14]2003I-IIIUFT/observation806.44 (years)4.60.770.011NCIC-JBR10 Trial[6,7]482IB-IICis-VNB/observation6560150.690.011CALGB 9633 Trial[12]344IBPCL-carboplatin/observation854830.800.32ANITA Trial[9]840IB-IIIACis-VNB/observation56 ##>708.60.790.013 * Estimated 5-year survival rates were 39% for the RT only group and 33% for the CT-RT group. **…
TTF-1, CD56 -ve, CK7+/-Adenocarcinoma & large cell carcinomaTTF-1 (~70%), CK7+CK5/6, p40, CD56 -veSmall cell carcinoma & large cell neuroendocrine carcinomaCD56, synaptophysin, CK7 +veTTF-1 + (70-80%) (CK = cytokeratin, TTF-1 =…
Figure 12.1 Mountain and Dresler lymph node map[4] (used with permission). References 1Rostad H, Vale JR, Nesthus I. Lung cancer: symptoms, signs and diagnostic criteria. Scand J Respir Dis 1979;…
html xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml” xmlns:mml=”http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML” xmlns:epub=”http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops”> Chapter 5 Therapeutic bronchoscopy Keyvan Moghissi Core Topics in Thoracic Surgery, ed. Marco Scarci, Aman Coonar, Tom Routledge and Francis Wells. Published by Cambridge University Press….
■ Ideal conduit diameter is 3.5 mm or greater. ■ Vein should be easily compressible. Thick-walled or noncompressible vein indicates prior superficial venous thrombosis and vein is likely not suitable for bypass….
■ CLI with tissue loss often occurs in the setting of multilevel arterial occlusive disease. In the case of isolated diabetic tibial occlusive disease, femoral, and frequently popliteal, pulses remain palpable….
■ AAA size and/or expansion rate is an important predictor of rupture, and as such guides indication for repair in asymptomatic patients.1 ■ Other predictors for increased risk rupture include female gender,…
