Preoperative Evaluation of Thoracic Surgery Patients
RATIONALE ▪ Provide a rational basis for discussing risks and outcomes with patients. ▪ Help with issues surrounding informed consent. ▪ Assist in patient selection for major surgery. ▪ Enable…
CARDIAC SURGERY
Treatment of In-Stent Restenosis
Introduction The development of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stent implantation has revolutionized the practice of cardiology over the course of the past decades. However, despite considerable technological advancements, in-stent…
Patent Foramen Ovale, Atrial Septal Defect, Left Atrial Appendage, and Ventricular Septal Defect Closure
Patent Foramen Ovale Introduction A potential causal relationship between patent foramen ovale (PFO) and stroke was first described by Cohnheim in 1877. In the last two decades several studies have…
Interventions for Advanced Heart Failure
Dr. Kapur has received preclinical research support from Heartware Inc. and CardiacAssist Inc. and has worked as a speaker and consultant for Maquet and Thoratec Inc. Introduction Heart disease remains…
Congenital Heart Disease
Introduction Congenital heart disease (CHD) has an incidence of approximately 0.8% or approximately 8 out of every 1000 live births. These defects are derangements secondary to altered embryonic cardiovascular anatomy…
Transcatheter Mitral Valve Intervention
Section I: Mitral Stenosis Introduction Normal Mitral Valve Anatomy To appreciate the complexity of the mitral valve is to understand its intricate anatomical and physiologic properties. The mitral valve can…
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Introduction and Epidemiology Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a complex cardiac disorder that has been the subject of intense scrutiny and scientific investigation for the past half century. HCM is a…
Pericardiocentesis and Pericardial Intervention
Introduction Pericardial disease reflects a wide range of clinical presentations and pathologies, from acute pericarditis to cardiac tamponade. Unlike coronary artery disease, heart failure, or valvular heart disease, however, there…
Intravascular Ultrasound Imaging
Background and Limitations of Angiography Contrast angiography has been the gold standard of coronary artery imaging for over six decades. However, it is important to understand that angiograms only delineate…
Endomyocardial Biopsy
Dr. Deepak L. Bhatt discloses the following relationships: Advisory Board : Cardax, Elsevier Practice Update Cardiology, Medscape Cardiology, Regado Biosciences; Board of Directors : Boston VA Research Institute, Society of…
