Tracheal Masses
TERMINOLOGY ▪ Benign tracheal neoplasms ▪ Tracheal neoplasms ETIOLOGY Etiology—Key Facts Squamous cell carcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma compose the majority of malignant tracheal neoplasms Malignant ▪ Squamous cell carcinoma…
CARDIAC SURGERY
Evaluation and Management of the Solitary Pulmonary Nodule
TERMINOLOGY ▪ Solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN) DEFINITION ▪ An SPN refers to a round lesion smaller than 3 cm in diameter that is completely surrounded by pulmonary parenchyma without other…
Massive Hemoptysis
Hemoptysis is defined as the expectoration of blood from the lung. This must be differentiated from aspirated blood from the upper respiratory tract or hematemesis from an upper gastrointestinal source….
Role of Lung Biopsy in Diffuse Lung Disease
TERMINOLOGY ▪ Interstitial lung disease (ILD) ▪ Idiopathic interstitial lung pneumonia ▪ Eosinophilic lung diseases DEFINITIONS ▪ Transbronchial biopsy: biopsies taken via the flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy. ▪ Surgical lung biopsy:…
Lung Cancer Screening
MAIN POINTS ▪ Lung cancer is a prevalent disease, and is the leading cause of cancer death in men and women. ▪ There is a large difference in survival between…
Thoracic Surgical Anatomy and Procedures
SURGICAL ANATOMY A detailed knowledge of surgical anatomy is of major importance in the practice of thoracic surgery. The following descriptions only summarize the basic anatomic information that every thoracic…
Mediastinoscopy and Mediastinotomy
TERMINOLOGY ▪ Cervical mediastinoscopy ▪ Extended cervical mediastinoscopy ▪ Anterior mediastinotomy (Chamberlain procedure) DEFINITION Cervical mediastinoscopy is a surgical procedure that allows exploration of the superior mediastinum and allows for…
Diagnostic Bronchoscopy
DEFINITION Bronchoscopy is the examination of the upper and lower airways. Procedures are performed using either a flexible or a rigid bronchoscope. Rigid bronchoscopes are a rigid stainless steel tube…
Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery
INTRODUCTION As with most surgical specialties, thoracic surgery has embraced the use of minimally invasive surgery. Video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) is not a specific procedure. It simply means the use…
Anesthetic Considerations in Thoracic Surgery
The anesthetic considerations for thoracic surgery that are required to provide a safe operating room outcome are (1) understanding the patient’s anatomy and pathophysiology, (2) understanding the effects of general…
