INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Echocardiography plays an important role in cardiac surgery by defining myocardial structure, function, and intracardiac blood flow velocities. Preoperatively, transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography with color and…
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen The term minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is not well defined. According to one definition, avoidance of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is considered essential in…
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) for support during cardiac surgery is unique because blood exposed to foreign, nonendothelial cell surfaces is collected and continuously recirculated throughout the body….
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Mortality and morbidity in cardiac surgery have continued to decline despite increases in patient age, comorbid conditions, and procedure complexity. Much of this success can be…
CORONARY REVASCULARIZATION Print Section Listen Coronary Artery Disease, Surgical Revascularization, and Myocardial Oxygen Supply: Demand Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States, accounting for 600,000…
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen A number of ventricular assist devices (VADs) are available for acute circulatory support. As opposed to long-term VADs, which are designed primarily for bridge to transplantation…
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Myocardial protection in the operating room refers to strategies and methods used to attenuate or prevent perioperative infarction and/or postischemic ventricular dysfunction. In the setting of…
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Of the many developments in cardiothoracic surgery, the introduction of a broad spectrum of simulation techniques for education and training of students and residents as well…
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Surgical therapy for aortic arch disease involves partial or complete replacement of the arch with great vessel reimplantation during a period of time when native cerebral…
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Concurrent with the development of cardiac surgery in the 1950s as a means of correcting congenital heart defects came the need for large-volume blood transfusions. In…
