Aortic Valvuloplasty
ETIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY Print Section Listen Degenerative disease of the aortic valve occurs with age. Areas of cusp flexion over time develop fibrosis and calcification, impeding valve excursion and creating…
Special Considerations: Small Vessel and Diffuse Disease
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Small vessel disease and diffuse coronary artery disease represent particularly challenging subsets for treatment with transcatheter coronary interventional therapies. This pathology is associated with higher risk…
Drug-Coated Balloon Technologies: Technical Features and Clinical Applications
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND Print Section Listen The concept of delivering antiproliferative drugs via balloon angioplasty has been around for several decades. However, the specific idea of developing a drug-coated balloon (DCB)…
Pulmonary Balloon Valvuloplasty and Percutaneous Pulmonary Valve Implantation
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Since percutaneous balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty (BPV) for pulmonary valve stenosis (PS) was first successfully performed by Rubio-Alverez and Limon-Lason1 using a ureteral catheter in 1950s, it…
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Chronic Total Occlusion
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen A coronary artery chronic total occlusion (CTO) is defined as an occlusion present for 3 or more months, which will feature classic histopathologic changes (Fig. 35-1)….
Inoue-Balloon Mitral Valvuloplasty
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen The introduction of percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty (BMV) by Inoue et al1 in 1982 has opened a new dimension in the treatment of patients with mitral…
Intervention in Venous and Arterial Grafts
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT Print Section Listen The surgeon’s use of saphenous veins and a variety of arterial conduits to bypass obstructive coronary atherosclerotic disease preceded percutaneous revascularization by about a decade….
Balloon-Expandable Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has been shown to improve mortality and quality of life in patients with severe aortic stenosis who are designated inoperable or…
Special Patient Subset: Diabetes Mellitus
PREVALENCE OF DIABETES MELLITUS Print Section Listen Diabetes mellitus affects a significant portion of the population; 1 in 10 adults in the United States has diabetes, with 90% to 95%…
Special Stents: Bioresorbable Coronary Scaffolds
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Despite innovations in stent design, including reduction in strut thickness, novel antiproliferative agents, and more recently, the development of bioresorbable polymers, permanent metallic stents remain a…
