Keywords infective endocarditis, native valve endocarditis, prosthetic valve endocarditis Step 1 Pathogenesis, Pathology, and Microbiology of Left-Sided Infective Endocarditis ◆ Infective endocarditis (IE) is the most severe and devastating…
Abstract The Bentall procedure technique has evolved to become a standardized, reliable procedure that can be performed for a variety of aortic vavle and aortic root pathology. The technique described…
Abstract Aortic valve replacement remains the gold standard for the treatment of patients with significant aortic valve stenosis and regurgitation. Successful aortic valve replacement requires careful preoperative assessment of the…
Abstract Postinfarction ventricular septal defects (VSDs) classically occur in an apical, anterior, or posteroinferior location. These defects must be treated surgically, although select patients in severe cardiogenic shock may benefit…
Abstract Totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass grafting (TECAB) represents an advanced form of coronary bypass surgery with a minimum level of surgical trauma involved. It can only be performed in…
Abstract Minimally invasive cardiac surgery–coronary artery bypass grafting (MICS CABG) was developed to decrease morbidity associated with the standard median sternotomy approach. In experienced hands, this technique offers good graft…
Keywords OPCAG, coronary artery bypass surgery, off-pump surgery, surgical technique ◆ The ability to perform coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) competently without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass is an…
Keywords coronary artery bypass graft, CABG, anastomosis Step 1 Surgical Anatomy ◆ The named epicardial coronary arteries that serve as the distal anastomotic targets for coronary artery bypass grafting…
Abstract Hybrid coronary revascularization (HCR) is defined as the combination of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to treat multivessel coronary artery disease. HCR most commonly…
Keywords cannulation techniques, cardiopulmonary bypass Step 1 Surgical Anatomy 1 Ascending Aorta ◆ Cannulation sites on the ascending aorta should be as high as safely possible. Surgeons today more…
