Abstract Simultaneous endocardial and epicardial ablation, a hybrid therapy for atrial fibrillation, combines the independent strengths of surgical and catheter-based ablation. Catheter technology utilizes electrical and anatomic mapping of atrial…
Abstract Mapping uses a combined anatomy- and electrogram-guided approach. The right-sided approach target is just proximal to or below the His bundle electrode position on the fluoroscopic view, or at…
Abstract Approaches for the ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) have changed rapidly in the past two decades and are focused on eliminating triggers near and from the pulmonary veins (PV),…
Abstracts Cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI)-dependent atrial flutter (AFL) is a common atrial arrhythmia, often occurring in association with atrial fibrillation, that may cause significant symptoms because of a rapid ventricular response,…
Abstract Cardiac anatomy remains a cornerstone for successful and safe interventional treatment for cardiac arrhythmias. The importance of appreciating detailed anatomy and correlating the specifics real time with fluoroscopy and…
Abstract Ablation of persistent and long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) is a potentially complex procedure that carries a lower success rate than ablation for paroxysmal AF. Predictors of recurrence include…
Abstract Cryoballoon ablation is a safe and predictable toolset to generate a reliable large-area pulmonary vein antral modification for the treatment atrial fibrillation. Its reproducibility amongst a wide range of…
Abstract This chapter discusses the fundamentals of intracardiac mapping as it relates to the mapping and ablation of cardiac arrhythmias. The initial sections are dedicated to the basis and methodology…
Abstract Three-dimensional (3-D) mapping systems have been developed and used for more than 20 years to map more complex arrhythmias that cannot easily be treated with traditional electrophysiological approaches. These…
Abstract Atypical atrial flutters refer to a spectrum of arrhythmias that vary in location and circuit dimensions. These arrhythmias are often recognized after catheter ablation or surgical treatment of atrial…
