Historical Background In 1927 Moniz at the University of Lisbon was the first to demonstrate the clinical utility of angiography by performing the first cerebral angiogram using sodium iodide. In…
As most vascular surgeons will attest, among the many attractions to our discipline are the vast array of instruments and procedures available to address some of the most severe medical…
Step 1 Surgical Anatomy Reconstruction of the esophagus requires a detailed knowledge of the anatomy of the esophagus itself as well as the conduits used: ♦ Esophagus ▴ The left…
Step 1 Surgical Anatomy ♦ The esophagus includes cervical, thoracic, and abdominal segments and travels through the posterior mediastinum to join the stomach via the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm….
Step 1 Surgical Anatomy ♦ A comprehensive understanding of the anatomy of the esophagus and stomach is essential before performing surgical fundoplication or other operations of the foregut. ♦ Figures…
Step 1 Surgical Anatomy ♦ A comprehensive understanding of the anatomy of the esophagus is critical before undertaking surgical procedures on the esophagus ( Fig. 35-1A-C ). Figure 35-1 (Adapted…
Zenker’s Diverticulum Step 1 Surgical Anatomy ♦ The upper esophageal sphincter consists of the cricopharyngeal muscle, which courses transversely along the posterior portion of the esophagus. The esophagus borders superiorly…
Step 1 Surgical Anatomy ♦ A comprehensive understanding of foregut anatomy and physiology is critical to undertaking surgical procedures on the esophagus for benign disease. ♦ Figure 31-1 demonstrates the…
Step 1 Surgical Anatomy ♦ Key anatomic structures that must be considered in antireflux surgery include the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), gastroesophageal junction (GEJ), esophageal hiatus, phrenic nerve, and vagus…
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) affects more than 10 million Americans. Most are maintained on oral antacid medications such as histamine type 2 blockers and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). A subset,…
