Congestive Heart Failure
Definition Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a clinical syndrome in which the heart is unable to pump enough blood to the body to meet its needs, to dispose of systemic…
Athletes with Cardiac Problems
Competitive athletes are those who participate in an organized team or individual sport that requires regular competition against others. This definition is most easily applied to high school, college, and…
Cardiac Transplantation
Lower and Shumway at Stanford University performed the first successful orthotopic heart transplantation in a dog in 1960. Barnard in South Africa unexpectedly performed the first successful human heart transplantation…
Child with Chest Pain
A complaint of chest pain is frequently encountered in children in the office and emergency department (ED). Although chest pain does not indicate serious disease of the heart or other…
Palpitation
Definition Palpitation is an unpleasant subjective awareness of one’s own heartbeats. This usually occurs as a sensation in the chest of rapid, irregular, or unusually strong heartbeats. The patient describes…
Cardiovascular Risk Factors
TABLE C-1 ESTIMATED VALUE FOR PERCENTILE REGRESSION OF WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE ∗ FOR EUROPEAN AMERICAN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS ACCORDING TO SEX Age (yr) Percentile for Boys Percentile for Girls 10th 25th…
Drugs Used in Pediatric Cardiology
TABLE E-1 DRUG INDEX (FOR DRUGS USED IN PEDIATRIC CARDIOLOGY) Trade Name Generic Name Class Abbokinase Urokinase Thrombolytic agent Actiq Fentanyl Narcotic analgesic Adalat Nifedipine Calcium channel blocker Adalat CC…
Cyanotic Congenital Heart Defects
Most cyanotic congenital heart defects (CHDs) manifest during the neonatal period, requiring a correct diagnosis for appropriate management. Detection of cyanosis has been made much easier in recent years by…
Blood Pressure Values
TABLE B-1 BLOOD PRESSURE LEVELS FOR BOYS BY AGE AND HEIGHT PERCENTILE (NHBPEP) Age BP Percentile Systolic BP (mm Hg) Diastolic BP (mm Hg) Percentile of Height Percentile of Height…
