Harvesting the saphenous vein
Introduction The traditional method of open vein harvesting (OVH) for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with a single longitudinal incision on the lower extremity along the course of the greater…
Harvesting the gastroepiploic artery
Introduction The first known use of the right GEA to supply blood to the heart was described by Bailey for implantation into the posterior territory of the heart in the…
Harvesting the skeletonized internal thoracic artery using the harmonic scalpel
Introduction The excellent long-term outcomes obtained in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) using the internal thoracic artery (ITA) as a graft conduit are clearly established . Observational reports suggested improved…
Retractors for harvesting the internal thoracic artery
Introduction The internal thoracic artery (ITA), namely, the left ITA (LITA), is arguably the most vital conduit for the conduct of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) due to its superior…
Harvesting the skeletonized internal mammary artery
Introduction Since the landmark paper from Loop et al. in 1986, the use of the left internal mammary artery (LIMA) for revascularization of the left anterior ascending (LAD) artery is…
Harvesting the radial artery
Introduction The radial artery (RA) has been used in coronary artery bypass grafting since it was first introduced into clinical practice in the 1970s by Carpentier . It is a…
Surgical strategy in multiple arterial grafting
Failing to plan is planning to fail. Benjamin Franklin. The importance of the strategy and good clinical sense While the cutting-and-sewing part of coronary surgery is important, the real key…
Closing the gap between best evidence and common practice in surgical coronary revascularization: The rationale for superspecialization
In an effort to improve outcomes for patients with valvular heart disease, there has been a concerted push over the past decade toward the creation of “Heart Valve Centers” or…
Adoption of Lung CT AI Into Clinical Medicine
Introduction The successes in the 2000s and 2010s in developing reactive machine AI and limited-memory AI methods to detect and assess the present and severity of x-ray chest CT imaging…
Using Limited Memory Lung CT AI to Derive Advanced Quantitative CT Lung Metrics of COPD, ILD, and COVID-19 Pneumonia
Introduction In this chapter, we look at more advanced AI machine learning computer programs for the assessment of normal and diseased lungs using lung CT AI. These AI programs go…
