Thoracic Key

Fig. 7.1 Fluoroscopic views of four different dilation balloon catheters. (a) Tyshak II® (NuMED) 6 mm for dilation of neonatal critical aortic stenosis. (b) Z-MEDTM (NuMED) 6 mm balloon for…

Fig. 39.1 A large mid-muscular VSD delineated with epicardial echocardiography in a 4.8 kg patient. Epicardial echo can be useful as the probe can be used to mimic the desired…

Fig. 35.1 Melody percutaneous pulmonary valve, in the close (left) and open (right) position, mounted on a platinum-iridium stent 35.3.2 The Delivery System The delivery system, Ensemble, also manufactured by…

Fig. 34.1 Static balloon dilation of restrictive atrial communication (a) 12 mm balloon inflated at mild pressure delineating the small atrial communication (b) full inflation stretches-tears the septum. 34.8 Stent…

Fig. 16.1 Critical aortic stenosis in a 26 weeks’ gestational age hydropic fetus. (a) Pre-intervention echocardiographic assessment. Color flow mapping across the aortic valve (indicated by an arrow) showing tiny…

Scenario number Clinical scenario Class of recommendation (I, IIa, IIb, III) Level of evidence (A, B, C) 1 New-onset heart failure of <2 weeks’ duration associated with a normal-sized or…

Fig. 42.1 Echocardiographic four-chamber and long-axis view showing moderate pericardial effusion The urgency for drainage depends on the clinical picture, echo findings and patient history. 42.3 Indication for Pericardiocentesis These…

Fig. 31.1 Amplatzer plug I (a). Amplatzer plug II (b). Amplatzer plug IV (c) 31.1.6.3 Techniques for Closing PAVM with Coils To date, the most common approach to closing PAVM…

where ΔP is the pressure gradient and V is the peak Doppler flow velocity in the main pulmonary artery. However, the peak instantaneous Doppler gradient may overestimate the peak-to-peak catheter…

Fig. 12.1 Ultrasound-guided puncture: Right axillary arterial access with ultrasound-guided puncture for ductal stenting of a complex ductus-dependent defect in a 3-day-old infant with a BW of 2.9 kg. A…